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HRTD Medical Institute
Dental Pharmacology
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Dental Pharmacology-1

Dental Pharmacology Summary

Dental Pharmacology. Mobile Phone 01797522136, 01987073965. The study of Drugs and Medicines used for the treatment of dental diseases is called Dental Pharmacology. Dental Pharmacology Includes LSTR, Dental Mummifying Agents, Dentifrices, Abrasive, Antiseptic, Binding agents, Humectants, Soaps/Detergents, Flavoring agents, etc.

Dental Pharmacology
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āĻĄā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϞ āĻĢāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻžāϕ⧋āϞāϜāĻŋāĨ¤ āĻŽā§‹āĻŦāĻžāχāϞ āĻĢā§‹āύ 01797522136, 01987073965āĨ¤ āĻĻāĻžāρāϤ⧇āϰ āϰ⧋āϗ⧇āϰ āϚāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāϏāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§ƒāϤ āĻ“āώ⧁āϧ āĻ“ āĻ“āώ⧁āϧ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻ§ā§āϝāϝāĻŧāύāϕ⧇ āĻĄā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϞ āĻĢāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻžāϕ⧋āϞāϜāĻŋ āĻŦāϞāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻĄā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϞ āĻĢāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻžāϕ⧋āϞāϜāĻŋāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇ LSTR, āĻĄā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϞ āĻŽāĻŽāĻŋāĻĢāĻžāχāĻ‚ āĻāĻœā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ, āĻĄā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻĢā§āϰāĻŋāϏāĻŋāϏ, āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻŦā§āϰ⧇āϏāĻŋāĻ­, āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻĒāϟāĻŋāĻ•, āĻŦāĻžāχāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻāĻœā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ, āĻšāĻŋāωāĻŽā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟ, āϏāĻžāĻŦāĻžāύ/āĻĄāĻŋāϟāĻžāϰāĻœā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ, āĻĢā§āϞ⧇āĻ­āĻžāϰāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻāĻœā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ āχāĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻĻāĻŋāĨ¤

Elaborately discussing Dental Pharmacology is available in some dental courses like Dental Training Coure, Diploma Dental Assistant, Diploma in Dental Technology, and Diploma in Dental. All these dental Courses are available at HRTD Medical Institute.

What is LSTR in Dental Pharmacology?

LSTR means lesion sterilization and tissue repair. LSTR treatment involves the use of a triple antibiotic mixture in a treatment-suitable vehicle, which is used to disinfect the root canal systems.

LSTR āĻŽāĻžāύ⧇ āĻ•ā§āώāϤ āύāĻŋāĻ°ā§āĻŦā§€āϜāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϟāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϝ⧁ āĻŽā§‡āϰāĻžāĻŽāϤāĨ¤ āĻāϞāĻāϏāϟāĻŋāφāϰ āϚāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϏāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϚāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϏāĻž-āωāĻĒāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻ—āĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻŸā§āϰāĻŋāĻĒāϞ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧā§‹āϟāĻŋāĻ• āĻŽāĻŋāĻļā§āϰāϪ⧇āϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āϜāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϤ, āϝāĻž āϰ⧁āϟ āĻ•ā§āϝāĻžāύ⧇āϞ āϏāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϕ⧇ āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§ƒāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

Write down the composition of LSTR in Dental Pharmacology

a. Metronidazole 500mg

b. Ciprofloxacin 200mg

c. Minocycline 100mg

Vehicle- Propylene Glycol

These antibiotics are taken in the ratio of 1:3:3. Due to tooth discoloration property of minocycline it is replaced by amoxicillin or cefaclor.

[āĻāχ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧā§‹āϟāĻŋāĻ•āϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ 1:3:3 āĻ…āύ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϤ⧇ āύ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻŽāĻŋāύ⧋āϏāĻžāχāĻ•ā§āϞāĻŋāύ⧇āϰ āĻĻāĻžāρāϤ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻŦ⧈āĻļāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§āϝ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇ āĻāϟāĻŋ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻŽā§‹āĻ•ā§āϏāĻŋāϏāĻŋāϞāĻŋāύ āĻŦāĻž āϏ⧇āĻĢāĻžāĻ•ā§āϞ⧋āϰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤]

Write down the manipulation of LSTR?

At first commercially available antibiotics are taken. The outer coating of the tablet is removed or for capsule the outer capsular material is removed. Then each of the components is powdered Separately in clean mortar & pestle. Care has to be taken not to wet the powder. The required amount of each antibiotic powder is taken. The powder is divided into seven parts and is part is mixed separately with the solvent to ensure uniform mixing. The final preparation will be a soft ball-like structure of 1mm diameter.

āĻĒā§āϰāĻĨāĻŽā§‡ āĻŦāĻžāĻŖāĻŋāĻœā§āϝāĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦā§āϧ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧā§‹āϟāĻŋāĻ• āύ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻŸā§āϝāĻžāĻŦāϞ⧇āĻŸā§‡āϰ āĻŦāĻžāχāϰ⧇āϰ āφāĻŦāϰāĻŖ āϏāϰāĻžāύ⧋ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻž āĻ•ā§āϝāĻžāĻĒāϏ⧁āϞ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŦāĻžāχāϰ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āϝāĻžāĻĒāϏ⧁āϞāĻžāϰ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύ āϏāϰāĻžāύ⧋ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āϤāĻžāϰāĻĒāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύ āφāϞāĻžāĻĻāĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻ°ā§āϟāĻžāϰ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒ⧇āĻ¸ā§āϟāϞ⧇ āϗ⧁āρāĻĄāĻŧā§‹ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻĒāĻžāωāĻĄāĻžāϰ āϝāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻ­āĻŋāĻœā§‡ āύāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϏ⧇āĻĻāĻŋāϕ⧇ āϖ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻžāϞ āϰāĻžāĻ–āϤ⧇ āĻšāĻŦ⧇āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϟāĻŋ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧā§‹āϟāĻŋāĻ• āĻĒāĻžāωāĻĄāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āύ⧇āĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻĒāĻžāωāĻĄāĻžāϰāϟāĻŋ āϏāĻžāϤāϟāĻŋ āĻ­āĻžāϗ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻļāϟāĻŋ āφāϞāĻžāĻĻāĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĻā§āϰāĻžāĻŦāϕ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻŽāĻŋāĻļā§āϰāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āϝāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻŽāĻŋāĻļā§āϰāĻŖ āύāĻŋāĻļā§āϚāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻšā§‚āĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁āϤāĻŋ āĻšāĻŦ⧇ 1 āĻŽāĻŋāĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāϏ⧇āϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āύāϰāĻŽ āĻŦāϞ⧇āϰ āĻŽāϤ⧋ āĻ•āĻžāĻ āĻžāĻŽā§‹āĨ¤

Indication of LSTR in Dental Pharmacology

a. In endodontic treatment where minimum instrumentation is required.

b. To sterilize accessory canals which is unable to reach.

c. Abnormally curved canal where instrumentation is not possible.

d. To treat deciduous teeth endodontically to avoid unnecessary extraction and use of space maintainer.

e. Can be used for non-vital primary teeth to avoid systemic antibiotics to the children.

f. Uncooperative patient.

āĻ• āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻĄā§‹āĻĄāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻ• āϚāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāϏāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻ¨ā§āϝ⧂āύāϤāĻŽ āϝāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

āĻ–. āφāύ⧁āώāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻŋāĻ• āĻ–āĻžāϞāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϕ⧇ āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āϝāĻž āĻĒ⧌āρāĻ›āĻžāϤ⧇ āĻ…āĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāĨ¤

āĻ—. āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ­āĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŦāĻžāρāĻ•āĻž āĻ–āĻžāϞ āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āωāĻĒāĻ•āϰāĻŖ āϤ⧈āϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻŦ āύāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

d āĻ…āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ⧀āϝāĻŧ āύāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•āĻžāĻļāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āϰāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖāĻžāĻŦ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻŖāĻŽā§‹āĻšā§€ āĻĻāĻžāρāϤ āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻĄā§‹āĻĄāύāϟāĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϚāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϏāĻž āĻ•āϰāĻžāĨ¤

e āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āĻĻ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧā§‹āϟāĻŋāĻ• āĻāĻĄāĻŧāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻ…-āĻ…āĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāĻŦāĻļā§āϝāĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻĻāĻžāρāϤ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝ⧇āϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤

āϚ āĻ…āϏāĻšāϝ⧋āĻ—āĻŋāϤāĻžāϰ āϰ⧋āĻ—ā§€āĨ¤

Contraindication of LSTR?

a. Used not be used in case of known allergy of these agents.

b. Radiographic evidence of excessive root resorption

c. Perforated pulpal floor

d. LSTR is not recommended in children with infective endocarditis

āĻ• āĻāχ āĻāĻœā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāϚāĻŋāϤ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻžāĻ°ā§āϜāĻŋāϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤

āĻ–. āĻ…āĻ¤ā§āϝāϧāĻŋāĻ• āϰ⧁āϟ āϰāĻŋāϏ⧋āĻ°ā§āĻĒāĻļāύ āĻāϰ āϰ⧇āĻĄāĻŋāĻ“āĻ—ā§āϰāĻžāĻĢāĻŋāĻ• āĻĒā§āϰāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ

āĻ—. āĻ›āĻŋāĻĻā§āϰāϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ pulpal āĻŽā§‡āĻā§‡

āϘ. āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻžāĻŽāĻ• āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻĄā§‹āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĄāĻžāχāϟāĻŋāϏ āϏāĻš āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ LSTR āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŋāĻļ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āύāĻžāĨ¤

What are the advantages and disadvantages of LSTR?

Advantage :

a. Can be completed in one visit

b. Simple procedure

c. Time Saving

d. Painless

Disadvantage :

a. Risk of developing cyst if chronic infection persists

b. Root canals can be infused with tissue fluids as the roots are not filled, so there is a chance of reinfection.

āϏ⧁āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻž :

āĻ• āĻāĻ• āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻĻāĻ°ā§āĻļāύ⧇ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāĻŦ⧇

āĻ–. āϏāĻšāϜ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ

āĻ—. āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āϏāĻ‚āϰāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ

d āĻŦā§āϝāĻĨāĻžāĻšā§€āύ

āĻ…āϏ⧁āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻž :

āĻ• āĻĻā§€āĻ°ā§āϘāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧā§€ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŽāĻŖ āĻ…āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻšāϤ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϞ⧇ āϏāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻšāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāϰ āĻā§āρāĻ•āĻŋ

āĻ–. āϰ⧁āϟ āĻ•ā§āϝāĻžāύ⧇āϞ āϟāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϝ⧁ āϤāϰāϞ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻŽāĻŋāĻļā§āϰāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝ⧇āϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•āĻĄāĻŧāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āύāĻž, āϤāĻžāχ āĻĒ⧁āύāϰāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŽāϪ⧇āϰ āϏāĻŽā§āĻ­āĻžāĻŦāύāĻž āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤

What is dental mummification?

Mummification is the process in which the pulp is numbed to relieve pain during the procedure.

āĻŽāĻŽāĻŋāĻĢāĻŋāϕ⧇āĻļāύ āĻšāϞ āĻāĻŽāύ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āϚāϞāĻžāĻ•āĻžāϞ⧀āύ āĻŦā§āϝāĻĨāĻž āωāĻĒāĻļāĻŽā§‡āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϏāĻœā§āϜāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻ…āϏāĻžāĻĄāĻŧ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

What are mummifying agents in Dental Pharmacology?

Pulp mummifying agents harden and dry the tissues of the pulp and root canals so the tissues are resistant to infections.

Write down the names of some mummifying agents.

a. Cresol

b. Formaldehyde ( due to its severe penetration with irritation it is used in combination with zinc oxide, glycerin or cresol)

c. Paraformaldehyde ( combined with zinc oxide and glycerin)

d. iodoform

e. Tannic acid

āĻĒāĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻŽāĻŽāĻŋāĻĢāĻžāχāĻ‚ āĻāĻœā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϏāĻœā§āϜāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϰ⧁āϟ āĻ•ā§āϝāĻžāύāĻžāϞ⧇āϰ āϟāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϝ⧁āϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϕ⧇ āĻļāĻ•ā§āϤ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻļ⧁āĻ•āĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ āϝāĻžāϤ⧇ āϟāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϝ⧁āϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŽāĻŖ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϰ⧋āϧ⧀ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āĻŽāĻŽāĻŋāĻĢāĻžāχāĻ‚ āĻāĻœā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟāĻĻ⧇āϰ āύāĻžāĻŽ āϞāĻŋāϖ⧁āύāĨ¤

āĻ• āĻ•ā§āϰ⧇āϏ⧋āϞ

āĻ–. āĻĢāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻžāϞāĻĄāĻŋāĻšāĻžāχāĻĄ ( āĻœā§āĻŦāĻžāϞāĻž āϏāĻš āĻāϰ āϤ⧀āĻŦā§āϰ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻĒā§āϰāĻŦ⧇āĻļ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇ āĻāϟāĻŋ āϜāĻŋāĻ™ā§āĻ• āĻ…āĻ•ā§āϏāĻžāχāĻĄ, āĻ—ā§āϞāĻŋāϏāĻžāϰāĻŋāύ āĻŦāĻž āĻ•ā§āϰ⧇āϏ⧋āϞ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻļā§āϰāϪ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§ƒāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ)

āĻ—. āĻĒā§āϝāĻžāϰāĻžāĻĢāĻ°ā§āĻŽāĻžāϞāĻĄāĻŋāĻšāĻžāχāĻĄ (āϜāĻŋāĻ™ā§āĻ• āĻ…āĻ•ā§āϏāĻžāχāĻĄ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ—ā§āϞāĻŋāϏāĻžāϰāĻŋāύ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻŽāĻŋāϞāĻŋāϤ)

d āφāϝāĻŧā§‹āĻĄā§‹āĻĢāĻ°ā§āĻŽ

e āĻŸā§āϝāĻžāρāύāĻŋāĻ• āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāϏāĻŋāĻĄ

Procedure for mummifying the pulp :

a. Isolate the tooth with a rubber dam.

b. Clean and instrument the canals.

c. Moisten a small cotton pellet with formocresol, and remove access fluid with dry cotton.

d. place the cotton pellet in the pulp chamber

e. Close the access cavity with a temporary filling.

f. Recall the patient after 48 hours.

āĻ• āϰāĻžāĻŦāĻžāϰ āĻĄā§āϝāĻžāĻŽ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻĻāĻžāρāϤāϟāĻŋ āφāϞāĻžāĻĻāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤

āĻ–. āĻ–āĻžāϞ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϝāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰ.

āĻ—. āĻĢāĻ°ā§āĻŽā§‹āĻ•ā§āϰ⧇āϏ⧋āϞ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϛ⧋āϟ āϤ⧁āϞāĻžāϰ āĻ–ā§‹āϏāĻž āϭ⧇āĻœā§‡ āύāĻŋāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻļ⧁āĻ•āύ⧋ āϤ⧁āϞ⧋ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻ•ā§āϏ⧇āϏ āϤāϰāϞ āϏāϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻĻāĻŋāύāĨ¤

d āĻĒāĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻĒ āĻšā§‡āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāϰ⧇ āϤ⧁āϞāĻžāϰ āĻ–ā§‹āϏāĻž āϰāĻžāϖ⧁āύ

e āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧā§€ āĻ­āĻ°ā§āϤāĻŋ āϏāĻ™ā§āϗ⧇ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻ•ā§āϏ⧇āϏ āĻ—āĻšā§āĻŦāϰ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧ.

āϚ 48 āϘāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻž āĻĒāϰ⧇ āϰ⧋āĻ—ā§€āϕ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰ⧁āύāĨ¤

What are dentifrices in Dental Pharmacology?

Agents that are used with toothbrushes or with rubbing for cleaning and polishing accessible tooth surfaces. Dentifrices may be in the form of toothpaste, powder, or gel.

āĻāĻœā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ āϝāĻž āϟ⧁āĻĨāĻŦā§āϰāĻžāĻļ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻž āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻ•ā§āϏ⧇āϏāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻĻāĻžāρāϤ⧇āϰ āωāĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻ— āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒāϞāĻŋāĻļ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āϘāώāĻžāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻĄā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻĢā§āϰāĻŋāϏāĻŋāϏ āϟ⧁āĻĨāĻĒ⧇āĻ¸ā§āϟ, āĻĒāĻžāωāĻĄāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻž āĻœā§‡āϞ āφāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧇ āĻšāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤

Components of dentifrices in Dental Pharmacology :

a. Abrasive

b. Antiseptic

c. Binding agent

d. Humectant

e. Soaps/ detergents

f. Flavoring agents

Toothpaste or powder may contain additional ingredients such as obtundents which are used to decrease the pain and Sensitivity associated with exposed sensitive dentine.

āĻ• āϘāĻ°ā§āώāĻŖāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀

āĻ–. āĻāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻĒāϟāĻŋāĻ•

āĻ—. āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāύāĻŋāϧāĻŋ

d āĻšāĻŋāωāĻŽā§‡āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟ

e āϏāĻžāĻŦāĻžāύ/āĻĄāĻŋāϟāĻžāϰāĻœā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ

āϚ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻĻ āĻāĻœā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ

āϟ⧁āĻĨāĻĒ⧇āĻ¸ā§āϟ āĻŦāĻž āĻĒāĻžāωāĻĄāĻžāϰ⧇ āĻ…āϤāĻŋāϰāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϤ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇ āϝ⧇āĻŽāύ āĻ…āĻŦ⧁āĻĄā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟāϏ āϝāĻž āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻĨāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āϏāĻ‚āĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāĻļā§€āϞāϤāĻž āĻ•āĻŽāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āωāĻ¨ā§āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āϤ āϏāĻ‚āĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāĻļā§€āϞ āĻĻāĻžāρāϤ⧇āϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨ⧇ āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĨ¤

What is an abrasive?

Fine preparations are used to help the rubbing action mechanically by grinding, rubbing, or scrapping. They are usually powders. They remove food particles and stains from the tooth and polish the surface.

āϏ⧂āĻ•ā§āĻˇā§āĻŽ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁āϤāĻŋāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϘāώāĻž, āϘāώāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§āĻ°ā§āϝāĻžāĻĒ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āϘāώāĻžāϰ āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϕ⧇ āϏāĻžāĻšāĻžāĻ¯ā§āϝ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§ƒāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖāϤ āϗ⧁āρāĻĄāĻŧā§‹ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āϤāĻžāϰāĻž āĻĻāĻžāρāϤ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻ–āĻžāĻĻā§āϝ āĻ•āĻŖāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĻāĻžāĻ— āĻ…āĻĒāϏāĻžāϰāĻŖ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ  āĻĒā§‹āϞāĻŋāĻļ.

Uses of abrasives :

a. Polishing the teeth surfaces

b. Cleaning the teeth

c. As constituents of powder or paste.

āϘāĻ°ā§āώāĻŖāĻ•āĻžāϰ⧀āϰ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰ:

āĻ• āĻĻāĻžāρāϤ āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ  āĻŽāϏ⧃āĻŖāϤāĻž

āĻ–. āĻĻāĻžāρāϤ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•āĻžāϰ āĻ•āϰāĻž

āĻ—. āĻĒāĻžāωāĻĄāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻž āĻĒ⧇āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύ āĻšāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻŦ⧇āĨ¤

Dental desensitizing agents in Dental Pharmacology:

Dentine hypersensitivity is a common problem. Pain is evoked by mechanical, chemical, or thermal stimuli. For example, eating hot or cold food, sweet or sour, or during tooth brushing. Hypersensitivity occurs due to loss of enamel or exposure to the root surface. The root surface gets exposed due to gum recession in old age, incorrect tooth brushing technique, or chronic periodontal disease.

āĻĻāĻžāρāϤ⧇āϰ āĻ…āϤāĻŋ āϏāĻ‚āĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāĻļā§€āϞāϤāĻž āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϏāĻžāϧāĻžāϰāĻŖ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻžāĨ¤ āĻŦā§āϝāĻĨāĻž āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŋāĻ•, āϰāĻžāϏāĻžāϝāĻŧāύāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻž āϤāĻžāĻĒā§€āϝāĻŧ āωāĻĻā§āĻĻā§€āĻĒāύāĻž āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āωāĻĻā§āĻ­ā§‚āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖāĻ¸ā§āĻŦāϰ⧂āĻĒ, āĻ—āϰāĻŽ āĻŦāĻž āĻ āĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻž āĻ–āĻžāĻŦāĻžāϰ, āĻŽāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āϟāĻ•, āĻŦāĻž āĻĻāĻžāρāϤ āĻŽāĻžāϜāĻžāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻ–āĻžāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāĨ¤ āĻāύāĻžāĻŽā§‡āϞ āĻ•ā§āώāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻž āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āϠ⧇āϰ āϏāĻ‚āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻ°ā§āĻļ⧇ āφāϏāĻžāϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇ āĻ…āϤāĻŋ āϏāĻ‚āĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāĻļā§€āϞāϤāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻž āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻŦ⧃āĻĻā§āϧ āĻŦāϝāĻŧāϏ⧇ āĻŽāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϰ āĻŽāĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻž, āϭ⧁āϞ āĻĻāĻžāρāϤ āĻŦā§āϰāĻžāĻļ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻ•ā§ŒāĻļāϞ āĻŦāĻž āĻĻā§€āĻ°ā§āϘāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧā§€ āĻĒāĻŋāϰāĻŋāĻ“āĻĄāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻžāϞ āϰ⧋āϗ⧇āϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāϪ⧇ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āϟāĻŋ āωāĻ¨ā§āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

Name of some desensitizing agents :

a. Calcium hydroxide

b. Strontium fluoride

c. Calcium phosphate

d. Calcium chloride

e. Zinc chloride

f. Formaldehyde

Some physical methods for blocking open dentinal tubules :

Glass-ionomer, composite, fluoride varnishes, adhesive resin.

āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āϏāĻ‚āĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāĻļā§€āϞ āĻāĻœā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§‡āϰ āύāĻžāĻŽ:

āĻ• āĻ•ā§āϝāĻžāϞāϏāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻšāĻžāχāĻĄā§āϰāĻ•ā§āϏāĻžāχāĻĄ

āĻ–. āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§āϰāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻĢā§āϞ⧋āϰāĻžāχāĻĄ

āĻ—. āĻ•ā§āϝāĻžāϞāϏāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻĢāϏāĻĢ⧇āϟ

d āĻ•ā§āϝāĻžāϞāϏāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻ•ā§āϞ⧋āϰāĻžāχāĻĄ

e āϜāĻŋāĻ™ā§āĻ• āĻ•ā§āϞ⧋āϰāĻžāχāĻĄ

āϚ āĻĢāϰāĻŽāĻžāϞāĻĄāĻŋāĻšāĻžāχāĻĄ

āĻ–ā§‹āϞāĻž āĻĄā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāύāĻžāϞ āϟāĻŋāωāĻŦ⧁āϞ āĻŦā§āϞāĻ• āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁ āĻļāĻžāϰ⧀āϰāĻŋāĻ• āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ:

āĻ—ā§āϞāĻžāϏ-āφāϝāĻŧāύ⧋āĻŽāĻžāϰ, āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒā§‹āϜāĻŋāϟ, āĻĢā§āϞ⧋āϰāĻžāχāĻĄ āĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§āύāĻŋāĻļ, āφāĻ āĻžāϞ⧋ āϰāϜāύāĨ¤

Bleaching agents :

Bleaching is a process of removing discoloration of teeth by application of drugs. These agents are used for removing pigmentation of teeth.

Example :

Hydrogen peroxide, sodium thiosulfate, hypochlorite, ultraviolet rays

Factors producing discoloration or staining of teeth :

a. Tobacco

b. Iron salts

c. Molds/fungi

d. Infiltration be decomposition of pulp

e. Systemic administration of tetracycline

āĻŦā§āϞāĻŋāϚāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻšāϞ āĻ“āώ⧁āϧ āĻĒā§āϰāϝāĻŧā§‹āϗ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻĻāĻžāρāϤ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāϤāĻž āĻĻā§‚āϰ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻāĻœā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻĻāĻžāρāϤ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻŋāĻ—āĻŽā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻŸā§‡āĻļāύ āĻ…āĻĒāϏāĻžāϰāϪ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§ƒāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ:

āĻšāĻžāχāĻĄā§āϰ⧋āĻœā§‡āύ āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻ•ā§āϏāĻžāχāĻĄ, āϏ⧋āĻĄāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻĨāĻžāϝāĻŧā§‹āϏāĻžāϞāĻĢ⧇āϟ, āĻšāĻžāχāĻĒā§‹āĻ•ā§āϞ⧋āϰāĻžāχāϟ, āĻ…āϤāĻŋāĻŦ⧇āϗ⧁āύāĻŋ āϰāĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ

āĻĻāĻžāρāϤ⧇āϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻŖāϤāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻĻāĻžāĻ— āϤ⧈āϰāĻŋāϰ āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻŖāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ:

āĻ• āϤāĻžāĻŽāĻžāĻ•

āĻ–. āϞ⧋āĻšāĻžāϰ āϞāĻŦāĻŖ

āĻ—. āĻ›āĻžāρāϚ/āĻ›āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻžāĻ•

d āĻ…āύ⧁āĻĒā§āϰāĻŦ⧇āĻļ āϏāĻœā§āϜāĻž āĻāϰ āĻĒāϚāύ āĻšāϤ⧇

e āĻŸā§‡āĻŸā§āϰāĻžāϏāĻžāχāĻ•ā§āϞāĻŋāύ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋāĻ—āϤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļāĻžāϏāύ

Mouth wash :

Mouthwash is an equal solution containing one or more active ingredients, used for topical action on the mouth, throat, and pharynx

āĻŽāĻžāωāĻĨāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻļ āĻšāϞ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϏāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻĻā§āϰāĻŦāĻŖ āϝāĻžāϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻāĻ• āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻ•āĻžāϧāĻŋāĻ• āϏāĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧ āωāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻžāύ āϰāϝāĻŧ⧇āϛ⧇, āϝāĻž āĻŽā§āĻ–, āĻ—āϞāĻž āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ—āϞāĻĻ⧇āĻļ⧇ āϏāĻžāĻŽāϝāĻŧāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ•āϞāĻžāĻĒ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§ƒāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ

Types :

a. Antiseptic mouthwash

b. Astringent mouthwash

c. Obtundent mouthwash

e. Flavoring agents

Antiseptic mouthwash :

Condy’s lotion, hydrogen peroxide, povidone-iodine

āĻ• āĻāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻĒāϟāĻŋāĻ• āĻŽāĻžāωāĻĨāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻļ

āĻ–. āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§āϰāĻŋāύāĻœā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ āĻŽāĻžāωāĻĨāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻļ

āĻ—. āĻ…āĻŦāĻžāϧ āĻŽāĻžāωāĻĨāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻļ

e āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻĻ āĻāĻœā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟ

āĻāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāϏ⧇āĻĒāϟāĻŋāĻ• āĻŽāĻžāωāĻĨāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻļ:

āĻ•āĻ¨ā§āĻĄāĻŋāϰ āϞ⧋āĻļāύ, āĻšāĻžāχāĻĄā§āϰ⧋āĻœā§‡āύ āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻ•ā§āϏāĻžāχāĻĄ, āĻĒā§‹āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄā§‹āύ-āφāϝāĻŧā§‹āĻĄāĻŋāύ

Astringent mouthwash :

These substances precipitate superficial proteins and form a protective layer, which protects the ulcer from external irritation and helps healing

āĻāχ āĻĒāĻĻāĻžāĻ°ā§āĻĨāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āϏ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϰāĻĢāĻŋāϏāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϞ āĻĒā§āϰ⧋āϟāĻŋāύāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋāϕ⧇ āĻĒā§āϰāϰ⧋āϚāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϰāĻ•ā§āώāĻžāĻŽā§‚āϞāĻ• āĻ¸ā§āϤāϰ āϤ⧈āϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇, āϝāĻž āφāϞāϏāĻžāϰāϕ⧇ āĻŦāĻžāĻšā§āϝāĻŋāĻ• āĻœā§āĻŦāĻžāϞāĻž āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āϰāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āύāĻŋāϰāĻžāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϏāĻšāĻžāϝāĻŧāϤāĻž āĻ•āϰ⧇

Uses :

āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšāĻžāϰāϏāĻŽā§‚āĻš

a. Bacterial stomatitis

b. Gingivitis / ulcerative gingivitis

c. Aphthous ulcer

d. Dental caries

smoothening mouthwash :

Menthol, peppermint

āĻ• āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ•āĻŸā§‡āϰāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϞ āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‹āĻŽāĻžāϟāĻžāχāϟāĻŋāϏ

āĻ–. āϜāĻŋāĻžā§āϜāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāχāϟāĻŋāϏ/ āφāϞāϏāĻžāϰ⧇āϟāĻŋāĻ­ āϜāĻŋāύāϜāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāχāϟāĻŋāϏ

āĻ—. āφāĻĢāĻĨāĻžāϏ āφāϞāϏāĻžāϰ

d āĻĻāĻžāρāϤ⧇āϰ āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϰ āĻ•ā§āώāϝāĻŧāϰ⧋āĻ—

āĻŽāϏ⧃āĻŖ āĻŽāĻžāωāĻĨāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻļ:

āĻŽā§‡āĻ¨ā§āĻĨāϞ, āĻĒāĻŋāĻĒāĻžāϰāĻŽāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϟ

Uses of mouthwash :

a. Post-operative treatment, for prevention of infection

b. In the management of halitosis

c. Soreness under denture

e. Sensitive oral lesion

āĻ• āĻ…āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āϟāĻŋāĻ­ āĻĒāϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤ⧀ āϚāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§ŽāϏāĻž, āϏāĻ‚āĻ•ā§āϰāĻŽāĻŖ āĻĒā§āϰāϤāĻŋāϰ⧋āϧ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ

āĻ–. āĻšā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāĻŸā§‹āϏāĻŋāϏ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻĒāύāĻžāϝāĻŧ

āĻ—. āĻĻāĻžāρāϤ⧇āϰ āύāĻŋāĻšā§‡ āĻŦā§āϝāĻĨāĻž

e āϏāĻ‚āĻŦ⧇āĻĻāύāĻļā§€āϞ āĻŽā§ŒāĻ–āĻŋāĻ• āĻ•ā§āώāϤ

Local hemostatic :

Agents used to arrest bleeding or control the oozing of blood from the vessel

Tooth extraction / dental procedure may lead to disruption of arterioles. The bleeding occurs from too small blood vessels which cannot be repaired surgically or sutured. Hence local hemostatic plays an important role in such cases.

a. Tannic acid in 20% glycerin- used as a solution in bleeding gums.

b. Adrenaline- used as sterile cotton gauze-tooth socket

c. Oxidized cellulose- sterile absorbable knitted fabrics prepared by controlled oxidation of regenerated cellulose. Used as a surface hemostatic.

āĻāĻœā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟāϰāĻž āϰāĻ•ā§āϤāĻĒāĻžāϤāϕ⧇ āφāϟāĻ•āĻžāϤ⧇ āĻŦāĻž āϜāĻžāĻšāĻžāϜ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āϰāĻ•ā§āϤ ​​āύāĻŋāσāϏāϰāĻŖ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŖ āĻ•āϰāϤ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§ƒāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ

āĻĻāĻžāρāϤ āύāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•āĻžāĻļāύ / āĻĻāĻžāρāϤ⧇āϰ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āϧāĻŽāύ⧀āϤ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāϘāĻžāϤ āϘāϟāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧇āĨ¤ āϰāĻ•ā§āϤāĻĒāĻžāϤ āϖ⧁āĻŦ āϛ⧋āϟ āϰāĻ•ā§āϤāύāĻžāϞ⧀ āĻĨ⧇āϕ⧇ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āϝāĻž āĻ…āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧋āĻĒāϚāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻŽā§‡āϰāĻžāĻŽāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āύāĻž āĻŦāĻž āϏ⧇āϞāĻžāχ āĻ•āϰāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āϤāĻžāχ āĻāχ āϧāϰāύ⧇āϰ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§āϰ⧇ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻšā§‡āĻŽā§‹āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§āϝāĻžāϟāĻŋāĻ• āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āϗ⧁āϰ⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ­ā§‚āĻŽāĻŋāĻ•āĻž āĻĒāĻžāϞāύ āĻ•āϰ⧇āĨ¤

āĻ• 20% āĻ—ā§āϞāĻŋāϏāĻžāϰāĻŋāύ⧇ āĻŸā§āϝāĻžāύāĻŋāĻ• āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāϏāĻŋāĻĄ- āĻŽāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϰ āϰāĻ•ā§āϤāĻ•ā§āώāϰāϪ⧇ āϏāĻŽāĻžāϧāĻžāύ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§ƒāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

āĻ–. āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻĄā§āϰ⧇āύāĻžāϞāĻŋāύ- āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āϤ āϤ⧁āϞ⧋ āĻ—āϜ-āĻĻāĻžāρāϤ āϏāϕ⧇āϟ āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§ƒāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ

āĻ—. āĻ…āĻ•ā§āϏāĻŋāĻĄāĻžāχāϜāĻĄ āϏ⧇āϞ⧁āϞ⧋āϜ- āĻĒ⧁āύāϰ⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ āϏ⧇āϞ⧁āϞ⧋āĻœā§‡āϰ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŋāϤ āĻ…āĻ•ā§āϏāĻŋāĻĄā§‡āĻļāύ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁āϤ āĻ•āϰāĻž āĻœā§€āĻŦāĻžāϪ⧁āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻļā§‹āώāĻŖāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§āϝ āĻŦā§‹āύāĻž āĻ•āĻžāĻĒāĻĄāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ  hemostatic āĻšāĻŋāϏāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŦā§āϝāĻŦāĻšā§ƒāϤ.

Drugs for xerostomia :

Dry mouth or xerostomia refers to a condition in which the salivary glands in your mouth don’t make enough saliva to keep the mouth wet.

Symptoms :

a. Sticky, dry, or burning feeling in the mouth

b. Trouble chewing, swallowing, tasting, or speaking

c. Altered taste or intolerance for spicy, salty, or sour foods

d. Dry or sore throat

āĻļ⧁āĻˇā§āĻ• āĻŽā§āĻ– āĻŦāĻž āĻœā§‡āϰ⧋āĻ¸ā§āĻŸā§‹āĻŽāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻāĻŽāύ āĻāĻ•āϟāĻŋ āĻ…āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻŦā§‹āĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϝ⧇āĻ–āĻžāύ⧇ āφāĻĒāύāĻžāϰ āĻŽā§āϖ⧇āϰ āϞāĻžāϞāĻž āĻ—ā§āϰāĻ¨ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϗ⧁āϞāĻŋ āĻŽā§āĻ– āϭ⧇āϜāĻž āϰāĻžāĻ–āĻžāϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒāĻ°ā§āϝāĻžāĻĒā§āϤ āϞāĻžāϞāĻž āϤ⧈āϰāĻŋ āĻ•āϰ⧇ āύāĻžāĨ¤

āϞāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ :

āĻ• āĻŽā§āϖ⧇ āφāĻ āĻžāϞ⧋, āĻļ⧁āĻˇā§āĻ• āĻŦāĻž āĻœā§āĻŦāϞāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻ­ā§‚āϤāĻŋ

āĻ–. āϚāĻŋāĻŦāĻžāύ⧋, āĻ—āĻŋāϞāϤ⧇, āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻĻ āύāĻŋāϤ⧇ āĻŦāĻž āĻ•āĻĨāĻž āĻŦāϞāϤ⧇ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻž

āĻ—. āĻŽāĻļāϞāĻžāĻĻāĻžāϰ, āύ⧋āύāϤāĻž āĻŦāĻž āϟāĻ• āĻ–āĻžāĻŦāĻžāϰ⧇āϰ āϜāĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻĻ āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āϏāĻšāĻŋāĻˇā§āϪ⧁āϤāĻž

d āĻļ⧁āĻ•āύ⧋ āĻŦāĻž āĻ—āϞāĻž āĻŦā§āϝāĻĨāĻž

Causes of xerostomia :

a. Sjogren’s syndrome ( autoimmune disease occurs in postmenopausal women)

b. Medications (diuretics, beta blockers, antihistamines)

c. Radiation therapy

d. Aging

e. Stress and anxiety

f. Smoking

g. Diabetes

h. Oral thrush

āĻ• Sjogren's syndrome ( postmenopausal āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāϞāĻžāĻĻ⧇āϰ āĻŽāĻ§ā§āϝ⧇ āĻ…āĻŸā§‹āχāĻŽāĻŋāωāύ āϰ⧋āĻ— āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻž āĻĻ⧇āϝāĻŧ)

āĻ–. āĻ“āώ⧁āϧ (āĻŽā§‚āĻ¤ā§āϰāĻŦāĻ°ā§āϧāĻ•, āĻŦāĻŋāϟāĻž āĻŦā§āϞāĻ•āĻžāϰ, āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϟāĻŋāĻšāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϟāĻžāĻŽāĻžāχāύ)

āĻ—. āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋāϰāĻŖ āĻĨ⧇āϰāĻžāĻĒāĻŋāϰ

d āĻŦāĻžāĻ°ā§āϧāĻ•ā§āϝ

e āĻŽāĻžāύāϏāĻŋāĻ• āϚāĻžāĻĒ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āωāĻĻā§āĻŦ⧇āĻ—

āϚ āϧ⧂āĻŽāĻĒāĻžāύ

g āĻĄāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŦ⧇āϟāĻŋāϏ

āϜ. āĻŽā§ŒāĻ–āĻŋāĻ• āĻ—āĻžāϝāĻŧāĻ• āĻĒāĻ•ā§āώ⧀

Treatment :

a. Drugs to stimulate saliva production such as pilocarpine

b. Sip water frequently

c. Sugarless candy, lozenges or gums

d. Avoid caffeine and alcohol

e. Alcohol-free mouthwash

f. Saliva substitutes

āĻ• āϞāĻžāϞāĻž āĻ‰ā§ŽāĻĒāĻžāĻĻāύāϕ⧇ āωāĻĻā§āĻĻā§€āĻĒāĻŋāϤ āĻ•āϰāĻžāϰ āĻ“āώ⧁āϧ āϝ⧇āĻŽāύ āĻĒāĻžāχāϞ⧋āĻ•āĻžāϰāĻĒāĻžāχāύ

āĻ–. āϘāύ āϘāύ āĻĒāĻžāύāĻŋāϤ⧇ āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻ• āĻĻāĻŋāύ

āĻ—. āϚāĻŋāύāĻŋāĻšā§€āύ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ›āϰāĻŋ, āϞāĻœā§‡āĻžā§āϜ āĻŦāĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋ

d āĻ•ā§āϝāĻžāĻĢ⧇āχāύ āĻāĻŦāĻ‚ āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāϞāϕ⧋āĻšāϞ āĻāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϚāϞ⧁āύ

e āĻ…ā§āϝāĻžāϞāϕ⧋āĻšāϞ āĻŽā§āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻŽāĻžāωāĻĨāĻ“āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻļ

āϚ āϞāĻžāϞāĻžāϰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒ
HRTD Medical Institute

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