Post-Diploma Training in Diabetology Courses
Post-Diploma Training in Diabetology. Mobile No. 01987-073965, 01797-522136. These Courses are 6 Months PDT-Diabetology, 1-Year PDT-Diabetology, and 2-Year PDT-Diabetology. 6 Month PDT Diabetology course Fee is Tk 35000/-, 1 Year PDT Diabetology Course Fee is Tk 65000/-, and 2 Years PDT Diabetology Course Fee Tk 125000/-. Each Semester of 6 Months contains 4 subjects and an exam mark of 400.
6 Months Post-Diploma Training in Diabetology (PDT-Diabetology 6 Months) Course Details
6 Months Post-Diploma Training in Diabetology that is PDT-Diabetology 6 Months Course Fee 35000/-. The payment system is an Admission Fee of Tk 10000/-, Monthly Fee of Tk 4000/- and Exam Fee of Tk 1000. 6 Months PDT-Diabetology Course contains 4 subjects. You can choose any 4 of these subjects Anatomy & Physiology of the Pancreas, Antidiabetic Drugs, Diabetology-1, Biochemistry of Diabetes, and Endocrine Glands & Their Functions.
1 Year Post-Diploma Training in Diabetology (PDT-Diabetology 1 Year) Course Details
1 Year Post-Diploma Training in Diabetology that is PDT-Diabetology 1 Year Course Fee Tk 65000/-. The payment system is an Admission Fee of Tk 15000/-, Monthly Fee of Tk 4000/- and Exam Fee of Tk 2000. 1 Year PDT-Diabetology Course contains 8 subjects. You can choose any 8 of these subjects Anatomy & Physiology of the Pancreas, Endocrine Glands & Their Hormones, Antidiabetic Drugs, Diabetology-1, Diabetology-2, Biochemistry of Diabetes, Endocrine Glands & Their Functions-1, Endocrine Glands & Their Functions-2.
Qualification for Admission into Diabetology Course
Qualification for Admission: Diploma Medical Course Completed. Or a short Medical Course with a Bachelor’s Degree or Master’s in any discipline.
Teacher for Diabetology Course
Dr. Sakulur Rahaman, MBBS, CCD (BIRDEM)
Dr. Disha, MBBS
Dr. Tisha, MBBS, PDT
Dr. Shamima, MBBS, PGT
What is Diabetes?
Diabetes is an endocrine disease. An increase in blood glucose due to a metabolic disorder is called diabetes. Insulin is a pancreatic hormone that reduces blood glucose. Diabetes occurs due to the deficiency or inactivity of insulin in our bodies.
What are the complications of Diabetes?
Complications of Diabetes are Diabetic Nephropathy, Diabetic Retinopathy, Diabetic Neuropathy, etc.
What is Diabetic Nephropathy?
Diabetes damages the Nephron of our Kidneys. This condition is called Diabetic Nephropathy.
What is Diabetic Retinopathy?
Diabetes damages the Nerves of the Retina. This condition is called Diabetic Retinopathy.
Location for Diabetology Course
Location: HRTD Medical Institute, Abdul Ali Madbor Mansion, Section-6, Block-Kha, Road-1, Plot-11, Metro Rail Piller No. 249, Mirpur-10 Golchattar, Dhaka-1216.
Diabetology-
Diabetes āĻāĻŋ? Diabetes āĻāĻŋ āϧāϰāύā§āϰ āϰā§āĻ ?
āĻĻā§āϰā§āĻāĻĻāĻŋāύ āϧāϰ⧠āϰāĻā§āϤ⧠glucose āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž normal āĻāϰ āĻā§ā§ā§ āĻŦā§āĻļāĻŋ āĻšāϞ⧠āϤāĻžāĻā§ Diabetes āĻŦāϞā§āĨ¤
Diabetes āĻšāĻā§āĻā§ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ endocrine disease āĻāĻžāϰāύ insulin āύāĻžāĻŽāĻ hormone āĻāϰ āĻ āĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻ āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻ āĻāĻžāϰā§āϝāĻāĻžāϰāĻŋāϤāĻžāϰ āĻāύā§āϝ diabetes āĻšā§ā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§āĨ¤
Endocrine disease āĻāĻžāĻā§ āĻŦāϞ⧠? Endocrinology & Diabetology āĻāϰ āϏāĻāĻā§āĻāĻž –
Hormone āĻāϰ āĻāύāĻŋāϤ āĻāĻžāϰāύ⧠āϝ⧠āϏāĻāϞ āĻšā§ āϤāĻžāĻĻā§āϰāĻā§ Endocrine disease āĻŦāϞā§āĨ¤
āĻĻā§āĻšā§āϰ endocrine gland āĻā§āϞāĻŋ āĻĨā§āĻā§ hormone āύāĻŋāĻāϏāϤ āĻšā§ āϤāĻžāĻ āĻāĻ āϰā§āĻ āĻā§āϞāĻŋāĻā§ Endocrine disease āĻŦāϞā§āĨ¤
Endocrinology- āĻāĻŋāĻāĻŋā§āϏāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻžāύā§āϰ āϝ⧠āĻļāĻžāĻāĻžā§ Endocrine disease āĻā§āϞāĻŋ āύāĻŋā§ā§ āĻāϞā§āĻāύāĻž āĻāϰāĻž āĻšā§ āϤāĻžāĻā§ Endocrinology āĻŦāϞā§āĨ¤
Diabetology- āĻāĻŋāĻāĻŋā§āϏāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻžāύā§āϰ āϝ⧠āĻļāĻžāĻāĻžā§ diabetes āϰā§āĻ āύāĻŋā§ā§ āĻāϞā§āĻāύāĻž āĻāϰāĻž āĻšā§ āϤāĻžāĻā§ Diabetology āĻŦāϞā§āĨ¤Diabetology āĻšāĻā§āĻā§ Endocrinology āĻāϰ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻļāĻžāĻāĻžāĨ¤
Hormone āĻāĻŋ? Hormone āĻāϰ āύāĻŋāĻāϏāϰāĻŖ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āĻāϞā§āĻāύāĻž āĻāϰāĨ¤
Hormone āĻšāĻā§āĻā§ āĻāĻ āϧāϰāύā§āϰ biochemical āϝāĻž endocrine gland āĻā§āϞāĻŋ āĻĨā§āĻā§ āύāĻŋāĻāϏāϰāϤ āĻšā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻĻā§āĻšā§ āϏāĻāĻāĻāĻŋāϤ āύāĻžāύāĻžāĻŦāĻŋāϧ āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āϰāĻŋā§āĻžāĻā§ āύāĻŋā§āύā§āϤā§āϰāύ āĻāϰā§āĨ¤
Hormone āĻāϰ āύāĻŋāĻāϏāϰāĻŖ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ-āĻĻā§āĻšā§āϰ āĻĒā§āϰā§ā§āĻāύā§āϰ āĻāĻŋāϤā§āϤāĻŋāϤ⧠āĻŦāĻž āĻ āύā§āϝ Hormone āĻāϰ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ Hormone āύāĻŋāĻāϏā§āϰāϤ āĻšā§āĨ¤
Positive feedback mechanism āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻžāϧā§āϝāĻŽā§ plasma āϤ⧠hormone āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻāĻŽā§ āĻā§āϞ⧠āĻāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻā§āϰāĻŋā§āĻžā§ gland āĻāϰ āĻā§āώāϰāĻŖ āĻļā§āϰ⧠āĻšā§āĨ¤
Negative feedback mechanism āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻžāϧā§āϝāĻŽā§ plasma āϤ⧠hormone āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻŦā§āĻļāĻŋ āĻšāϞ⧠āĻāĻ āĻĒā§āϰāĻā§āϰāĻŋā§āĻžā§ gland āĻāϰ āĻā§āώāϰāĻŖ āĻļā§āϰ⧠āĻšā§āĨ¤
Hormone āĻāϰ āĻāĻžāϰā§āϝāĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āĻāϞā§āĻāύāĻž-
- āĻā§āώ⧠āĻ āĻŦāϏā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ Hormone receptor āĻāϰ āϏāĻžāĻĨā§ āϏāĻāϝā§āĻā§āϤāĻŋ (āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώ āϧāϰāύā§āϰ āĻĒā§āϰā§āĻāĻŋāύ )
- Hormone receptor complex āϏā§āώā§āĻāĻŋ āĨ¤
- āĻā§āώā§āϰ āĻāĻŋāϤāϰ cAMP āϤā§āϰāĻŋāϤ⧠āĻāϤā§āϤā§āĻāύāĻž āĻĒā§āϰāĻĻāĻžāύāĨ¤
- cAMP āĻāϤā§āĻ āĻŦāĻāĻļāĻāϤāĻŋāϰ āĻ āĻā§āĻ āϏāĻŽā§āĻšāĻā§ āĻāϤā§āϤā§āĻāĻŋāϤ āĻāϰ⧠āĻāĻžāϰāϝ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāĻĻāύāĨ¤
- cAMP- Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate. cAMP is a derivative of Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
Pancreas āĻāĻŋ? Pancreas hormone āĻā§āϞāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ?
Stomach āĻāϰ āύāĻŋāĻā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ duodenum āĻāϰ āĻĒāĻžāĻļā§ āĻĒāĻžāϤāĻžāϰ āĻŽāϤ āĻĻā§āĻāϤ⧠āϝ⧠āĻ āĻā§āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§ āϤāĻžāĻā§ pancreas āĻŦāϞā§āĨ¤pancreas āĻĨā§āĻā§ āĻŦā§āϰ āĻšā§ āĻāĻŋāĻā§ enzyme āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻŋāĻā§ hormone .
Pancreatic hormone āϏāĻŽā§āĻš-
- Insulin
- Glucagon
Pancreas hormone āĻā§āϞāĻŋāϰ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻāϞā§āϞā§āĻ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšāϞ-
Pancreas hormones āĻāĻŦāĻ āϤāĻžāĻĻā§āϰ āĻāĻžāĻ-
Insulin-āĻāĻšāĻž āϰāĻā§āϤ⧠glucose āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž āĻāĻŽāĻžā§āĨ¤
Glucagon-āĻāĻšāĻž āϰāĻā§āϤ⧠glucose āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋ āĻāϰā§āĨ¤
Glucose āĻāĻŋ? Plasma glucose āĻāĻžāĻā§ āĻŦāϞā§?
Glucose āĻšāĻā§āĻā§ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ simple carbohydrate. Glucose āĻšāĻā§āĻā§ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ carbohydrate āĻāĻžāϤ āĻĒāĻĻāĻžāϰā§āĻĨ āĨ¤ āĻāĻšāĻžāϰ āϏāĻāĻā§āϤ C6H12O6.
Plasma glucose- āϰāĻā§āϤ⧠āĻāĻĒāϏā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤ glucose āĻā§ Plasma glucose āĻŦāϞā§āĨ¤
Fasting & Random āĻ āĻŦāϏā§āĻĨāĻžā§ Plasma glucoseāĻāϰ normal value āĻāϞā§āϞā§āĻ āĻāϰ
Plasma glucose āĻāϰ normal value –
- Fasting āĻ āĻŦāϏā§āĻĨāĻžā§ <6.1 āĻŽāĻŋāϞāĻŋāĻŽāϞ/ āϞāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ
- Random āĻ āĻŦāϏā§āĻĨāĻžā§ <11 āĻŽāĻŋāϞāĻŋāĻŽāϞ/ āϞāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ
Insulin āĻāĻŋāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āϰāĻā§āϤā§āϰ glucose āĻāĻŽāĻžā§ āĻāĻŦāĻ glucagon āĻāĻŋāĻāĻžāĻŦā§ āϰāĻā§āϤ⧠glucose āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋ āĻāϰā§?
Insulin stimulates the liver, muscles and fatty tissues to absorb and store extra blood glucose. So blood glucose is decreased. Glucagon stimulates the liver ,muscles and the fatty tissues to come out glucose in the blood. So blood glucose is increased.
Diabetes āĻāϤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāϰ āĻ āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ?
Classification of diabetes:
Diabetes Mellitus-
- Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus
- Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus
Gestational Diabetes
Juvenile diabetes (Childhood type 1 diabetes
Diabetes mellitus āĻāĻŋ? Diabetes mellitus āĻāϤ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāϰ āĻ āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ?
Diabetes mellitus āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ metabolic disease.āĻĻā§āϰā§āĻāĻĻāĻŋāύ āϧāϰ⧠āϰāĻā§āϤ⧠glucose āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž normal āĻāϰ āĻā§ā§ā§ āĻŦā§āĻļāĻŋ āĻĨāĻžāĻāϞ⧠āϤāĻžāĻā§ Diabetes mellitus āĻŦāϞā§āĨ¤
Diabetes mellitus ⧍ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāϰ
Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus(DDM)
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus(NIDDM)
Type-1 & Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-
Type-1 Insulin dependent Diabetes Mellitus(DDM)āĻā§ Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus āĻŦāϞā§āĨ¤Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus āĻ insulin production āĻšā§ āύāĻž
Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus
Non Insulin dependent diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM) āĻā§ Type-2 diabetes Mellitus āĻŦāϞāĻž āĻšā§āĨ¤ Type-2 diabetes Mellitus āĻ āϝāĻĨā§āώā§āĻ āĻĒāϰāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ insulin production āĻšā§āύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻ āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻĻā§āĻš āĻā§āώāĻā§āϞāĻŋ insulin response āĻāϰā§āύāĻžāĨ¤
Diabetes Mellitus āĻāϰ clinical features āĻāϞā§āϞā§āĻ āĻāϰ-
Clinical features of Diabetes Mellitus-
- āϞāĻā§āώāύāĻŦāĻŋāĻšāĻŋāύ
- āĻāύ āĻāύ āĻĒā§āϰāϏāĻžāĻŦ āĨ¤
- āĻ āϤāĻŋāϰāĻŋāĻā§āϤ āĻĒāĻŋāĻĒāĻžāϏāĻžāĨ¤
- āĻā§āϞāĻžāύā§āϤāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻāĻāύ āĻšā§āϰāĻžāϏāĨ¤
- āĻāύ āĻāύ āĻā§āώā§āϧāĻž āĨ¤
Diabetes Mellitus āĻāϰ investigation āĻā§āϞāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ ?
Blood glucose-Random
-Fasting
-2 hours after breakfast
Urine -RME
-Ketone body
GTT(Glucose Tolerance Test)
Diabetes Mellitus āĻāϰ treatment āĻā§ āϏāĻāĻā§āώā§āĻĒā§ 3D āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšā§- āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž āĻāϰ-
Diabetes Mellitus āĻāϰ treatment āĻāϰāϤ⧠discipline, diet āĻāĻŦāĻ drug āĻāĻ āϤāĻŋāύ āĻĻāĻŋāĻā§ āϞāĻā§āώ āϰāĻžāĻāϤ⧠āĻšā§āĨ¤āϤāĻžāĻ āĻāĻā§ āϏāĻāĻā§āώā§āĻĒā§ 3D āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻāϰāĻž āĻšā§āĨ¤
i) Discipline -āύāĻŋā§āĻŽāĻŋāϤ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžā§āĻžāĻŽ āĻ āύāĻŋā§āĻŽāĻŋāϤ blood glucose check up
ii) Diet-Balance diet
iii) Drug -Metformin/Insulin āĻāϤā§āϝāĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĨ¤
Islets of Langerhans āĻāĻŋ? Insulin & Glucagon āĻā§āύ āϧāϰāύā§āϰ āϏā§āϞ āĻĨā§āĻā§ āύāĻŋāĻāϏā§āϰāĻŋāϤ āĻšā§?
Pancreas āĻāϰ āϞā§āĻā§āϰ āύāĻŋāĻāĻā§ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻŋāύā§āύ āϏā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧠āĻā§āĻŋā§ā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻž āĻāĻŋāĻā§ cell āĻĨā§āĻā§ insulin āĻāĻŦāĻ glucagon āύāĻžāĻŽāĻ āĻĻā§āĻāĻāĻŋ hormone āύāĻŋāϏāϤ āĻšā§āĨ¤āĻāĻ hormone āĻĻā§āĻāĻāĻŋ āϰāĻā§āϤā§āϰ glucagon āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž āύāĻŋā§āύā§āϤā§āϰāĻŖ āĻāϰā§āĨ¤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āĻāĻžāύ⧠Langerhans āĻāĻ endocrine āĻā§āώāĻā§āϞāĻŋ āĻāĻŦāĻŋāώā§āĻāĻžāϰ āĻāϰā§āύ āĨ¤āϤāĻžāĻ āĻāϰ āύāĻžāĻŽ āĻ āύā§āϏāĻžāϰ⧠pancreas āĻāϰ endocrine gland āĻā§ Islets of Langerhans āĻŦāϞāĻž āĻšā§āĨ¤
Diabetes Mellitus āĻāϰ āĻāĻžāϰāύ āϏāĻŽā§āĻš āĻāϞā§āϞā§āĻ āĻāϰāĨ¤
āĻāĻžāϰāĻŖāϏāĻŽā§āĻš –
- Insulin āĻāϰ production āĻāĻŽā§ āϝāĻžāĻā§āĻž āĨ¤
- āĻĻā§āĻšāĻā§āώāĻā§āϞāĻŋ Insulin āĻ response āĻāϰ⧠āύāĻžāĨ¤
- āĻāĻĒāϰā§āϰ āĻĻā§āĻāĻāĻŋ āĻāĻžāϰāύā§āϰ āĻāĻā§āĻāĻŋāĻāĨ¤
Gestational Diabetes āĻāĻŋ? Gestational Diabetes āĻāĻāύ āĻļā§āϰ⧠āĻšā§ āĻāĻāύ āĻļā§āώ āĻšā§ ?
Pregnancy āĻ āĻŦāϏā§āĻĨāĻžā§ āĻā§āύ āĻā§āύ āĻŽāĻšāĻŋāϞāĻžāϰ blood glucose āύāϰāĻŽāĻžāϞ āĻāϰ āĻā§ā§ā§ āĻŦā§ā§ā§ āϝāĻžā§ āϝāĻž āϤāĻžāϰ insulin control āĻāϰāϤ⧠āĻĒāĻžāϰ⧠āύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻāϰā§āĻāĻžāĻŦāϏā§āĻĨāĻžā§ āĻāĻ āϧāϰāύā§āϰ diabetes āĻā§ gestational diabetes āĻŦāϞā§āĨ¤ Gestational Diabetes āĻļā§āϰ⧠āĻšā§ 3rd trimester āĻ āĻāĻŦāĻ āĻļā§āώ āĻšā§ āϏāύā§āϤāĻžāύ āĻāύā§āĻŽā§āϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻĒāϰāĻāĨ¤
Type-1 & TYPE-2 Diabetes mellitus āĻāϰ treatment āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĻāϰāĻž āĻšā§ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž āĻāϰ-
Type-1 Diabetes mellitus āĻāϰ treatment āĻāϰāĻž āĻšā§ insulin āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻž āĨ¤
TYPE-2 Diabetes mellitus āĻāϰ treatment āĻāϰāĻž āĻšā§ metaformin, gliclazide, glibenclamide, linagliptin āĻāϤā§āϝāĻžāĻĻāĻŋ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžāϰāĻžāĨ¤
Diabetes mellitus āĻšāϞ⧠āĻāύ āĻāύ āĻĒā§āϰāϏāĻžāĻŦ āĻšā§ āĻā§āύ?
Insulin āĻļā§āϧ⧠glucose āĻāϰ āϰāĻā§āϤā§āϰ āĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻžāĻ āĻāĻŽāĻžā§ āύāĻžāĨ¤ āĻāĻšāĻž āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ anti diuretic hormone āĻ āĻŦāĻā§āĨ¤ Diabetes mellitus āϰā§āĻā§āĻĻā§āϰ Insulin āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž āĻāĻŽ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§ āĻ āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻ āĻāĻžāϰā§āϝāĻāϰ Insulin āĻĨāĻžāĻā§āĨ¤āĻĢāϞ⧠Insulin āύāĻžāĻŽāĻ hormone āĻāĻŋāϰ anti diuretic property āĻāĻŽā§ āϝāĻžā§āĨ¤ āĻĢāϞ⧠āĻĒā§āϰāϏāĻžāĻŦā§āϰ āĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž āĻŦā§ā§ā§ āϝāĻžā§āĨ¤ āĻ āϰā§āĻĨāĻžā§ āĻāύ āĻāύ āĻĒā§āϰāϏāĻžāĻŦ āĻšā§āĨ¤
Diabetes Mellitus āĻšāϞ⧠āĻ āϤāĻŋāϰāĻŋāĻā§āϤ āĻĒāĻŋāĻĒāĻžāϏāĻž āĻĒāĻžā§ āĻā§āύ?
Insulin āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ Anti diuretic hormone āĨ¤ Blood āĻ insulin āĻāĻŽā§ āĻā§āϞ⧠āĻ āĻĨāĻŦāĻž āĻ āĻāĻžāϰā§āϝāĻāϰ āĻĨāĻžāĻāϞ⧠āĻĒā§āϰāϏāĻžāĻŦā§āϰ āĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž āĻŦā§ā§ā§ āϝāĻžā§ āĨ¤ āĻāϤ⧠blood volume āĻāĻŽā§ āϝāĻžā§āĨ¤ Blood volume āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋāϰ āϞāĻā§āώ⧠āĻ āϤāĻŋāϰāĻŋāĻā§āϤ āĻĒāĻŋāĻĒāĻžāϏāĻž āĻĒāĻžā§āĨ¤
Homeostasis āĻāĻŋ? āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāύāϏāĻš āĻŦā§āĻāĻŋā§ā§ āĻĻāĻžāĻāĨ¤
āĻĻā§āĻšā§āϰ āĻ āĻā§āϝāύā§āϤāϰā§āĻŖ āĻāĻžāϰāϏāĻžāĻŽā§āϝ āϰāĻā§āώāĻžāϰ āĻāϰāĻžāĻā§ Homeostasis āĻŦāϞā§āĨ¤ āĻĻā§āĻšā§āϰ āϏāĻāϞ āĻā§āώ āĻāϞāĻž āĻāĻ āĻāĻžāϰāϏāĻžāĻŽā§āϝ āϰāĻā§āώāĻž āĻāϰāϤ⧠āϏāĻšāĻžā§āϤāĻž āĻāϰā§āĨ¤
āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻšāϰāĻŖ- āϰāĻā§āϤ⧠glucose āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž āĻŦā§ā§ā§ āĻā§āϞ⧠Insulin āύāĻŋāĻāϏāϰāĻŖ āĻŦā§ā§ā§ āϝāĻžā§ āĻāĻŦāĻžāϰ āϰāĻā§āϤ⧠glucose āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž āĻāĻŽā§ āĻā§āϞ⧠glucagon āύāĻŋāĻāϏāϰāĻŖ āĻŦā§ā§ā§ āϝāĻžā§āĨ¤ Insulin āĻāĻŦāĻ glucagon āϰāĻā§āϤ⧠glucose āĻāϰ āĻāĻžāϰāϏāĻžāĻŽā§āϝ āϰāĻā§āώāĻž āĻāϰā§āĨ¤
Feedback mechanism āĻāĻŋ? āϰāĻā§āϤ⧠glucose āĻāϰ āĻāĻžāϰāϏāĻžāĻŽā§āϝ āϰāĻā§āώāĻžāϰ āĻāύā§āϝ āϏāĻāĻāĻāĻŋāϤ feedback mechanism āĻāĻŋ āĻāϞā§āϞā§āĻ āĻāϰāĨ¤
āĻā§āύ āĻāĻžāϰāϏāĻžāĻŽā§āϝ āϰāĻā§āώāĻžāϰ āĻāύā§āϝ āϝāĻāύ āĻāĻāĻāĻŋ āĻŦāϏā§āϤā§āϰ āĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻžāĻā§ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋāϤ āĻāϰ⧠āϤāĻāύ āϤāĻžāĻā§ feedback mechanism āĻŦāϞā§āĨ¤
glucose āĻāϰ āĻāĻžāϰāϏāĻžāĻŽā§āϝ āϰāĻā§āώāĻžāϰ āĻāύā§āϝ āϏāĻāĻāĻāĻŋāϤ feedback mechanismāĻ
āϰāĻā§āϤ⧠glucose āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž āĻŦā§ā§ā§ āĻā§āϞ⧠āĻāĻ āĻ āϏā§āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋāĻ glucose āĻāϰ āĻŽāĻžāϤā§āϰāĻž pancreas āĻā§ āĻĒā§āϰāĻāĻžāĻŦāĻŋāϤ āĻāϰ⧠glucagon āύāĻŋāĻāϏāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰ āĻāύā§āϝāĨ¤Insulin hormone āĻāĻŋ fat cell āĻ glucose āĻā§āϰāĻšāύ āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋ āĻāϰ⧠āĻāĻŦāĻ glucagon hormone āĻāĻŋ āϞāĻŋāĻāĻžāϰ āĻšāϤ⧠glucose āύāĻŋāĻāϏāϰāĻŖ āĻāĻāĻžā§āĨ¤